Metástase Nodal no Carcinoma de Células Escamosas Oral: uma Análise dos Fatores de Risco e Influência na Sobrevida Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n3.4696Palavras-chave:
Metástase Neoplásica, Neoplasias Bucais/epidemiologia, Linfonodos, Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço, Esvaziamento CervicalResumo
Introdução: O carcinoma de células escamosas oral (CCEO) apresenta uma alta tendência de metástase para linfonodos cervicais (MLC). Objetivo: Determinar quais fatores de risco desempenham um papel significativo na metastização para linfonodos cervicais e avaliar a influência do envolvimento nodal na sobrevida geral de pacientes com CCEO. Método: Os registros médicos de 350 pacientes com CCEO foram revisados retrospectivamente. Os dados foram analisados usando os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e log-rank Mantel Cox, além de regressão logística multinomial e Cox. Resultados: Dos 350 registros médicos avaliados, 251 relataram N0, 75 N1, 16 N2 e 8 N3. Gênero masculino, encaminhamentos de prestadores de cuidados de saúde privados, estágios T3/4 e tratamentos não cirúrgicos estavam associados ao MLC. Foi demonstrado na análise multivariada que homens e tumores T3/4 são fatores de risco independentes para MLC. Os fatores de risco independentes para sobrevida foram gênero masculino, envolvimento nodal (p = 0,017) e tratamento não cirúrgico. Conclusão: O gênero masculino e o estágio T são fatores de risco para MLC em pacientes com CCEO. Além disso, a presença de MLC e a idade > 65 anos estão associadas à reduzida sobrevida geral.
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