Viabilidade de um Programa de Intervenção para Incentivo à Atividade Física e Alimentação Saudável para Sobreviventes ao Câncer de Endométrio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n2.4737Palavras-chave:
Obesidade, Neoplasias do Endométrio, Sobreviventes de Câncer, Estilo de VidaResumo
Introdução: Sobreviventes de câncer apresentam maior risco de desenvolver doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e podem se beneficiar de intervenções focadas em mudanças no estilo de vida, escassas nos países em desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade de um programa de aconselhamento para alimentação saudável e atividade física em sobreviventes de câncer de endométrio. Método: Ensaio clínico randomizado aninhado à coorte prospectiva que incluiu mulheres com câncer de endométrio entre 20-69 anos, tratadas cirurgicamente e randomizadas em Grupo Controle (GC) e Grupo Intervenção (GI), após o procedimento. A viabilidade foi avaliada pelas taxas de recrutamento, adesão e retenção. A eficácia foi testada pela avaliação antropométrica, laboratorial, ingestão alimentar, testes de capacidade funcional e nível de atividade física. Para análise estatística, foram ajustados os modelos lineares mistos para avaliar o efeito da intervenção nos grupos, considerando as diferentes medidas repetidas dos desfechos ao longo do tempo. Foi considerado estatisticamente significativo p<0,05. Resultados: O GI apresentou redução estatisticamente significante na insulina sérica, no teste “levantar e caminhar”, e no consumo energético diário. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para variáveis antropométricas, para as quais se observou variação positiva entre o Tempo 0 e Tempo 3 no GC e negativa no GI. Taxas de recrutamento, adesão e retenção foram de 52,1%, 64,5% e 90,3%, respectivamente. Conclusão: A intervenção mostrou-se viável nessa população, embora sejam necessários ajustes no formato da intervenção. No entanto, com resultados modestos nos parâmetros antropométricos e de ingestão alimentar, estudos com maior tamanho amostral são necessários para adequada avaliação da sua eficácia.
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