O Impacto dos Fatores de Riscos na Gênese das Neoplasias Pediátricas: Esforços de Prevenção Primária São Necessários
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n1.4937Palavras-chave:
Neoplasias/epidemiologia, Saúde da Criança, Prevenção de DoençasResumo
Em contraste com as neoplasias de adultos, não existem programas de magnitude populacional para prevenção de câncer pediátrico. Para elaboração de medidas preventivas, são necessários a identificação dos fatores de risco associados à doença e o reconhecimento dos pacientes que apresentam maior risco de determinados tipos de câncer, nos quais as medidas preventivas poderiam ser muito benéficas. Neste artigo de opinião, foram sumarizados os dados epidemiológicos referentes às taxas de incidências e a exposição a fatores de riscos associados aos tumores pediátricos. As iniciativas de prevenção para neoplasias de origem intrauterina, incidentes na primeira infância, podem ser realizadas, evitando-se a exposição materna durante a gestação (irradiações ionizantes, pesticidas, tabagismo, exposições ocupacionais), enquanto tumores em adolescentes e adultos jovens podem ser evitados com medidas antitabagismo, diminuição da obesidade infantil e vacinação para o HPV em adolescentes.
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