Funcionalidad De Los Individuos Con Enfermedad Oncológica Ingresados En Unidades De Cuidados Intensivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n2.4605Palabras clave:
Estado funcional, Neoplasias/complicaciones, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Ambulación Precoz, Servicios de FisioterapiaResumen
Introducción: Las personas con cáncer representan el 20% de los ingresos a unidades de cuidados intensivos. La reducción de la capacidad funcional es el resultado del cáncer y sus tratamientos, y puede empeorar debido a la inmovilización causada en este sector. Objetivo: Analizar la funcionalidad de individuos con cáncer internados en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Método: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo observacional, en el que se evaluaron individuos con cáncer internados en unidades de cuidados intensivos dentro de las 24 horas posteriores al ingreso y al alta de cuando esto ocurrió mediante la escala de Perme. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos e informaciones clínicas a través de un cuestionario y de registros médicos, respectivamente. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Se aplicó la prueba t para muestras pareadas e independientes y la prueba de correlación de Pearson para las variables cuantitativas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 42 pacientes predominantemente masculinos y con una edad promedio de 62,86 años. El principal tipo de tumor fue del sistema gastrointestinal (40,5%). La ventilación mecánica fue indicativa de menor funcionalidad. Había asociaciones significativas entre la duración de la estancia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y la funcionalidad al ingreso y al alta. Los pacientes con menor funcionalidad al ingreso tuvieron como resultado la muerte. Al comparar los resultados de ingreso y alta, hubo una mejora significativa en el estado funcional. Conclusión: Los individuos con cáncer ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos mostraron mejor funcionalidad durante su estancia.
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