Uso de Cremes de Camomila e Calêndula na Prevenção de Radiodermatites Agudas em Pacientes com Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço: Ensaio Clínico Randomizado Duplo-Cego
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n2.1963Palavras-chave:
radiodermatite/prevenção e controle, neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço/radioterapia, camomila/efeitos dos fármacos, calendula/efeitos dos fármacosResumo
Introdução: A radiodermatite e caracterizada por lesões cutâneas decorrentes da exposição a radiação ionizante, acometendo entre 80%-90% dos pacientes submetidos a radioterapia na região da cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do uso do creme de camomila em relação ao creme de calêndula na prevenção da radiodermatite aguda em participantes submetidos a radioterapia para câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Método: Ensaio clinico randomizado, duplo-cego, prospectivo, com análise quantitativa. Foram avaliados 23 participantes, aleatoriamente designados para o grupo que fez uso do creme de camomila (n=12) ou para o grupo do creme de calêndula (n=11). A pele no campo de irradiação foi avaliada na primeira sessão de radioterapia, a cada cinco sessoes, e após 30 dias do termino do tratamento, de acordo com os critérios da Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram radiodermatite em todas as avaliações, do grau 1 ao 3, exceto na primeira avaliação. O nível médio mais elevado foi observado, em ambos os grupos, na sexta avaliação (2,10±0,73 no grupo do creme de camomila e 2,37±0,51 no de calêndula). No grupo camomila, o maior grau de radiodermatite foi o 3, na quinta e sexta avaliações; enquanto, no calêndula, o grau 3 foi observado pela primeira vez na sexta avaliação, permanecendo até a oitava. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos grupos avaliados. Conclusão: Houve equivalência na efetividade do uso do creme de camomila em relação ao creme calêndula na prevenção de radiodermatites agudas em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em radioterapia.
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