Prevenção e tratamento das náuseas e vômitos induzidos pela quimioterapia antineoplásica

Autores

  • Jorge de Faria Maraschin Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
  • Anderson Rech Lazzaron Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
  • Gilberto Schwartsmann Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Universidade Luterana do Brasil ( ULBRA)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.1999v45n1.2767

Palavras-chave:

Cisplatina, Náuseas, Vômitos, Antieméticos, Prevenção, Tratamento

Resumo

Náuseas e vômitos decorrentes de quimioterapia têm um impacto negativo importante em pacientes com câncer, mas isso acabou levando a um considerável avanço em pesquisa neste campo. A grande maioria dos estudos se concentra no tratamento da emese aguda, onde se fez grandes avanços; por outro lado, a fisiopatologia da emese tardia não é tão bem entendida, constituindo-se num desafio terapêutico. A literatura mostra que o tratamento para emese aguda induzida por regimes altamente emetogênicos é a associação de antagonistas do receptor 5-HT3 mais dexametasona. Na emese tardia, metoclopramida e dexametasona é o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com bom controle dos episódios de emese prévio. Para aqueles com mau controle, sugere-se antagonistas do receptor 5-HT3 associados a dexametasona. Na prevenção da emese aguda induzida por quimioterápicos moderadamente emetogênicos, o regime mais efetivo é a combinação dos antagonistas dos receptores 5-HT3 e dexametasona. Na emese tardia, há a necessidade de mais estudos, pois até agora, não existem estudos comparando claramente os diversos tratamentos entre si.

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Publicado

2022-09-23

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1.
Maraschin J de F, Lazzaron AR, Schwartsmann G. Prevenção e tratamento das náuseas e vômitos induzidos pela quimioterapia antineoplásica. Rev. Bras. Cancerol. [Internet]. 23º de setembro de 2022 [citado 2º de novembro de 2024];45(1):31-9. Disponível em: https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/2767

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