Potencial Analgésico dos Flavonoides na Dor Associada ao Câncer e ao seu Tratamento: Revisão Sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n2.4976Palavras-chave:
Neoplasms/drug therapy, Flavonoids/pharmacology, Pain ManagementResumo
Introdução: A dor é um sintoma prevalente e incapacitante em pacientes com câncer, contribuindo para redução da qualidade de vida. Seu manejo é desafiador, com tratamentos farmacológicos convencionais associados a efeitos colaterais indesejáveis. Entre as abordagens terapêuticas emergentes, compostos naturais como flavonoides têm recebido atenção. Flavonoides são compostos fenólicos abundantes no reino vegetal, que possuem propriedades antitumorais, anti-inflamatórias, antialérgicas e antiangiogênicas, embora seu potencial analgésico seja pouco explorado. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura acerca do potencial analgésico dos flavonoides na dor oncológica e/ou relacionada ao tratamento. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs e Biblioteca Cochrane utilizando as palavras-chave “câncer”, “flavonoides” e “dor”. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos publicados entre 2010 e 2024, em inglês, português ou espanhol, com pacientes acima de 18 anos. Foram considerados estudos que avaliaram a relação entre câncer, flavonoides e dor. Todos os estudos foram submetidos à análise de risco de viés. O estudo foi aprovado pelo PROSPERO e elaborado a partir do PRISMA. Resultados: Foram incluídos 14 estudos clínicos. O composto mais frequentemente estudado foi a epigalocatequina galato, avaliado em cânceres de mama, pulmão, cabeça e pescoço e esófago (n=9). Todos os estudos investigaram flavonoides na dor relacionada ao tratamento, com redução álgica em radiodermatite, mucosite, esofagite e onicólise. A administração de flavonoides, profilática ou terapêutica, foi bem tolerada tanto por via tópica quanto oral. Conclusão: Os flavonoides demonstram potencial analgésico promissor na dor associada ao câncer, com poucos ou nenhum efeito colateral. Estudos adicionais são necessários para elucidar sua eficácia.
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