Efeitos do Exercício na Força Muscular, Fadiga e Capacidade Aeróbica em Pacientes com Doença Óssea do Mieloma Múltiplo: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n4.5279Palavras-chave:
Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia, Terapia por Exercício/métodos, Fadiga/prevenção & controle, Reabilitação, Revisão SistemáticaResumo
Introdução: O mieloma múltiplo (MM) é um câncer onco-hematológico caracterizado pela dor óssea e lesões osteolíticas ou doença óssea (DO) no MM, que impactam na qualidade de vida e funcionalidade desses indivíduos. Embora existam revisões sobre a eficácia de programas de exercício em pacientes com MM, não há estudos com recorte específico para os acometidos com DO. Objetivo: Evidenciar os efeitos de programas de exercícios na função muscular, capacidade aeróbica e fadiga em pacientes com DO do MM. Método: Revisão sistemática registrada no PROSPERO (CRD42024515745) que seguiu os critérios PRISMA. Buscaram-se ensaios clínicos randomizados nas bases de dados PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus e CINAHL, sem restrições de idioma ou data de publicação. Descritores e palavras-chave incluíram “mieloma múltiplo” e “exercício”. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada usando a escala PEDro e o risco de viés pela ferramenta Risk of Bias 2.0. Resultados: Três ensaios clínicos randomizados foram incluídos, com um total de 219 participantes, 160 apresentaram DO, incluindo indivíduos de ambos os sexos. Os protocolos de exercícios eram semelhantes, combinando exercícios de intensidade moderada e individualizados para cada paciente. Como resultado, houve melhora significativa na fadiga e força muscular. As pontuações de qualidade metodológica variaram de cinco a sete. Conclusão: Esta revisão evidencia que exercícios físicos podem melhorar a força muscular e reduzir a fadiga em pacientes com MM que possuem lesões ósseas.
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