Cancer Risk in Patients Living with HIV/AIDS: Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer will affect about 50% of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected individuals with a significant burden of non-AIDS-defining cancers (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Objective: To analyse different risk factors for the non-defining type in the HIV positive population through selection of cohort studies conducted in several regions of the world. Method: Literature review conducted from March to April 2019 using the descriptors Cancer Risk, HIV and non-AIDS-defining Cancer. Results: Non-defining cancers representing the greatest incidence among HIV-positive population are lung, colorectal, cervical, vaginal and uterine, gastric, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and liver. Conclusion: Studies demonstrate that there are increased risks for several types of non-AIDS defining cancers, leading to a new paradigm, not only for HIV control but for early detection and timely treatment, in order to minimize the morbidities and increase life expectancy of these individuals.