Nursing actions against cancer in basic health units of a city in São Paulo state

Abstract

This study aimed to identify what nursing actions were taken at basic health units of a city in São Paulo state, Brazil, in terms of risk factors, preventive measures, early detection mechanisms, treatment and rehabilitation of cancer. Data revealed that nurses accomplish a series of activities related to preventive measures associated with the presence of risk factors, in the different phases of the cancer control process. These activities can be part of programs or campaigns or can be resultant from nurses' own initiative. Among the intervees, 86.4% declared that there exists some kind of program. 71.2% affirmed they participated in health campaigns for cancer prevention. Nurses' own initiatives included: educational activities -77% (prevention and health promotion groups, orientation before and after medical appointments, home visits) and nursing appointments - 36%, including Pap smears and breast exams. 57% of the interviewees affirm they perform cancer treatment or rehabilitation actions. 60% did not perform pain management interventions. This study disclosed that nurses only partially practice cancer control activities and that they receive information on some types of cancer from public institutions. They are aware of their role in health teams to collaborate in cancer control activities. Although they belie theycould further elaborate the activities they perform, which are guaranteed by their professional exercise. Nursing professionals display this perception and emphasize the need to fulfill prevention activities,, including specific support material.