Ingestion of bracken and risk of oesophageal and stomach cancer in the region of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.1998v44n3.2814Keywords:
Bracken, Pteridium Aquilinum, Cancer, Oesophagus, Stomach, Case-Control StudyAbstract
Bracken fer (BF) is used as a humanfood by the population of Ouro Preto, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and neighboring areas. The high incidence of oesophageal and gastric cancer the region, relatively to other regions of the State where this plant is not consumed led us to investigate the possible influence of BF consumption on those pathologies. A retrospective case-control study was performed based on an epidemiologic surveillance systein established at the only two endoscopy Services in the region. Forty-six histologically confirmed cases were matched hy sex and age group with forty Controls that showed no alterations in those organs after endoscopy. BF ingestion was identified through interviews with the patients or dose relatives in case of death. Smoking and alcohol consumption were also taken into account. The measure of association between BF ingestion, smoking and alcohol consumption, and the risk of oesophageal and gastric cancer was the Odds Ratio (OR). Patients that ingested BF showed a 5.47 fold increase in the risk for upper digestive tract (gastric or oesophageal) cancer. Multivariate analysis showed a OR of3.63 for oesophagus and stomach cancer, with confusion factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sex and age under control. For oesophagus cancer and stomach cancer, individually considered, wefounda OR of 3.40 and 3.45 respectively. These numbers will be 3.93 and 3.51 when controlled the confusion factors mentioned.
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