Physiopathology and treatment ofchronic myeloid leukemia: new concepts and perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.1996v42n2.2894Keywords:
Chronic Myelogenous Leucemia, Philadelphia Chromossome, BCR/ABL Translocation, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Alpha-InterferonAbstract
Recent breakthroughs on the functional activity ofthe BCR/ABL chimeric gene translated in further insights on the genesis and progression of chronic myeloloid leukemia (CML). Despite CML still is an incumble disease for those patients not eligible for a bone marrow transplant, the overall survival is progressively increasing specially because of prolongation of chronic phase. PCR for BCR/ABL gene is proving a valuable tool in identifying Ph-patients who present the rearrangement at molecular level and to detect minimal residual disease specially in transplanted patients. New forms of treatment might translate in survival gain in the next years mainly when used at early stages of the disease: autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) with cells mobilised and collected after high dose chemotherapy; the use of interferon and genetherapy. Interferon is already the principal choice of treatment for the majority of the cases. ASCT is a promising procedure and has been used in many institutions as an alternative to allo-BMT. Results of different approaches of genetherapy are disappointing so far, but the improvement of technology in this field will be of most interest in treating CML considering the ubiquitous and functional role of the BCR/ABL gene in the malignant cells.
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