Assessment of Hyposalivation and Xerostomia in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n2.4639Keywords:
Xerostomia/drug therapy, Saliva/drug effects, Antineoplastic agents/adverse effectsAbstract
Introduction: Oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy experience adverse effects., Hyposalivation and xerostomia in the oral cavity are reported as frequent findings resulting from this treatment. Objective: To investigate the occurrence of xerostomia and hyposalivation in oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study, with data collection carried out at “Hospital São Vicente de Paula” in João Pessoa, Paraíba, in the oncology sector, between August 2022 and March 2023. Patients underwent a clinical examination, followed by analysis of unstimulated salivary flow and completion of the Xerostomia Inventory instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the assistance of Jamovi software (version 1.8.4). Results: A total of 78 individuals joined the study, with a mean age of 53 years (± 12.5), predominantly females (n=63; 80.8%), and diagnosed with solid tumors (n=70; 89.7%). Hyposalivation was diagnosed in 59% of the patients (n=46), while xerostomia was reported by all individuals (n=78; 100%), categorized as mild (n=13; 16.7%) or moderate (n=65; 83.3%). There was a difference in salivary flow between patients with solid and hematological tumors, with individuals with solid tumors showing lower salivary flow (p = 0.0027, Mann-Whitney U test). Additionally, individuals with hyposalivation have an increased risk of developing moderate xerostomia (RR = 0.349; CI = 0.127 – 0.955; p = 0.006, Fisher’s Exact Test). Conclusion: Individuals diagnosed with hyposalivation in this study have an increased risk of reporting the presence of xerostomia in moderate degrees during chemotherapy treatment.
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