El Uso de Vendaje Compresivo en el Postoperatorio Inmediato No se Asocia con Dolor Agudo tras Mastectomía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n4.2673Palabras clave:
dolor postoperatorio, mastectomía, cinta atléticaResumen
Introducción: El vendaje kinesiológico es un tratamiento no farmacológico de bajo costo, sencillo y fácil de aplicar, cuya función es disminuir el dolor, el edema local y mejorar la actividad muscular. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el uso de vendaje compresivo y la aparición de dolor posoperatorio en mujeres sometidas a mastectomía en el Hospital del Cáncer III del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer (HC III/INCA). Método: Ciento seis mujeres sometidas a mastectomía entre marzo y noviembre de 2021 participaron en este ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Los pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de atención de rutina en la institución y a un grupo de intervención, en los que se agregó a la atención de rutina la aplicación de un vendaje compresivo en la región del plastrón en el primer día (D1) del postoperatorio. El dolor, las parestesias, el rango de movimiento y el síndrome de red axilar se evaluaron el D1, la primera semana (D7) y el primer mes (D30) después de la cirugía. Resultados: Los dos grupos fueron similares con respecto a los datos demográficos y clínicos. No hubo diferencia significativa en la presencia de dolor en el sitio de aplicación (en las evaluaciones D7 y D30) con 24,1% y 27,8% para el grupo de vendaje compresivo (p=0,102) y 11,8% y 17,6% para el grupo control (p=0,217). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas para ninguno de los resultados evaluados. Conclusión: El uso de vendaje compresivo en el posoperatorio inmediato, no se asoció con dolor y otras complicaciones en las evaluaciones de 7 y 30 días después de mastectomías.
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