Juegos de Realidad Virtual en la Rehabilitación de Pacientes con Cáncer: Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2023v69n1.3166Palabras clave:
rehabilitación, realidad virtual, modalidades de fisioterapia, neoplasiasResumen
Introducción: La fisioterapia es beneficiosa en la rehabilitación de pacientes oncológicos. Sin embargo, por ser una actividad monótona para muchos pacientes, ha ido perdiendo su espacio para nuevas técnicas como la gameterapia, que utiliza videojuegos de realidad virtual como instrumento rehabilitador y preventivo. Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de la gameterapia en pacientes con cáncer. Método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo la guía PRISMA. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en PubMed, LILACS, MEDLINE y PEDro, utilizando los descriptores neoplasia, cáncer, realidad virtual, rehabilitación y fisioterapia. Se consideraron elegibles los ensayos clínicos controlados y los estudios prospectivos publicados en portugués, inglés o español en los últimos 12 años (julio de 2010 a julio de 2022). Resultados: Se identificaron 94 estudios, de los cuales nueve fueron considerados elegibles para componer la muestra final. De los ensayos clínicos seleccionados, cinco usaron Nintendo Wii, dos usaron Xbox y uno usó gafas de realidad virtual. Los estudios muestran que la terapia de juego redujo los síntomas de ansiedad, fatiga y depresión, mejoró la coordinación motora fina y general y disminuyó el miedo a moverse. Sin embargo, no fue tan eficaz como la terapia tradicional para disminuir el dolor crónico. Conclusión: La terapia de juego tiene efectos positivos en variables relacionadas con la salud en pacientes con cáncer, destacando la disminución de la fatiga relacionada con el cáncer. Además, favorece la reducción del tiempo de hospitalización de los pacientes hospitalizados y aumenta la adherencia del paciente al tratamiento.
Descargas
Citas
Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394-424. doi: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492
Instituto Nacional de Câncer [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; [data desconhecida]. Tratamento do câncer; [modificado 2022 jul 22; acesso 2021 ago 22]. Disponível em: https://www.inca.gov.br/tratamento/quimioterapia
National Cancer Institute (US) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): NCI; [date unknown]. Chemotherapy to treat cancer; [reviewed 2022 Aug 23; cited 2021 ago 22]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/chemotherapy
Andrade V, Sawada NO, Barichello E. Quality of life in hematologic oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2013;47(2):350-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-62342013000200012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-62342013000200012
Ozel CB, Yagli NV, Çakmak A, et al. An evaluation of the functional capacity and physical activity level in patients with breast cancer. Eur Respir J. 2017;50(Suppl 61):PA2523. doi: https://doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.PA2523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.PA2523
Ranzi C, Barroso BF, Pegoraro DR, et al. Efeitos dos exercícios sobre a dor e a capacidade funcional em pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados. BrJP. 2019;2(3):255-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20190045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20190045
Wilkins S, Law M, Lets L. Assessment of functional performance. In: Bonder B, Wagner MB. Functional performance in older adults. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis; 2001. p. 236-51.
Soares WTE. Parâmetros, considerações e modulação de programas de exercício físico para pacientes oncológicos: uma revisão sistemática. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2011;17(4):284-89. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922011000400015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922011000400015
Oliveira RA. Efeitos do treinamento aeróbio e de força em pessoas com câncer durante a fase de tratamento quimioterápico. Rev Bras Prescr Fisiol Exerc. 2016:9(56):662-70.
Yohannan SK, Tufaro PA, Hunter H, et al. The utilization of Nintendo® WiiTM during burn rehabilitation: a pilot study. J Burn Care Res. 2012;33(1):36-45. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/BCR.0b013e318234d8ef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/BCR.0b013e318234d8ef
Taylor MJD, McCormick D, Shawis T, et al. Activity-promoting gaming systems in exercise and rehabilitation. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2011;48(10):1171-86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2010.09.0171 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2010.09.0171
Burdea GC. Virtual rehabilitation - benefits and challenges. Methods Inf Med. 2003;42(5):519-23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634378 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634378
Rodrigues T, Busarello R. Realidade virtual e gamificação: um estudo sobre realidades imersivas no processo de aprendizagem. In: 16º ERGODESIGN & USIHC e CINAHPA; 2017 jun 5-9; Florianópolis (SC). Blucher Design Proceedings [Internet]. 2017;3(11):325-31. doi: https://doi.org/10.5151/16ergodesign-0035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5151/16ergodesign-0035
Dias TS, Conceição KF, Oliveira AIA, et al. As contribuições da gameterapia no desempenho motor de indivíduo com paralisia cerebral. Cad Bras Ter Ocup. 2017;25(3):575-84. doi: https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoRE1777 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoAO0934
Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ, Gortari ABO. Videogames as therapy: an updated selective review of the medical and psychological literature. Int J Priv Health Inf Manag. 2017;5(2):26. doi: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJPHIM.2017070105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJPHIM.2017070105
Serra MVGB, Hiraga CY, Quemelo PRV, et al. Gameterapia como prática terapêutica para pessoas com deficiências. FIEP Bulletin. 2016;86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16887/fiepbulletin.201711731739
Pereira BM, Coppo VTZ, Antunes MD, et al. Efeito de um programa de gameterapia no equilíbrio de idosos. ConScientiae Saúde. 2018;17(2):113-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v17n2.7563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v17n2.7563
Cruz RVS, d’Alencar MS, Menuchi MRTP. A utilização do Nintendo Wii® como ferramenta terapêutica em programas de reabilitação traumato-ortopédica. Rev Pesqu Fisioter. 2015;5(2):153-62. doi: https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2704rpf.v5i2.596 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2704rpf.v5i2.596
Page MJ, Mckenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. Updating guidance for reporting systematic reviews: development of the PRISMA 2020 statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021;134:103-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.02.003
Ursi ES. Prevenção de lesões de pele no perioperatório: revisão integrativa da literatura [dissertação na Internet]. Ribeirão Preto (SP): Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto; 2005. doi: https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2005.tde-18072005-095456 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692006000100017
Hoffman AJ, Brintnall RA, Brown JK, et al. Too sick not to exercise: using a 6-week, home-based exercise intervention for cancer-related fatigue self-management for postsurgical non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Nurs. 2013;36(3):175-88. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e31826c7763 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e31826c7763
Hoffman AJ, Brintnall RA, Brown JK, et al. Virtual reality bringing a new reality to postthoracotomy lung cancer patients via a home-based exercise intervention targeting fatigue while undergoing adjuvant treatment. Cancer Nurs. 2014;37(1):23-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e318278d52f DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e318278d52f
Yoon J, Chun MH, Lee SJ, et al. Effect of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on upper-extremity function in patients with brain tumor: controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;94(6):449-59. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000192
Tsuda K, Sudo K, Goto G, et al. A feasibility study of virtual reality exercise in elderly patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy. Intern Med. 2016;55(4):347-52. doi: https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5275
House G, Burdea G, Grampurohit N, et al. A feasibility study to determine the benefits of upper extremity virtual rehabilitation therapy for coping with chronic pain post-cancer surgery. Br J Pain. 2016;10(4):186-97. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2049463716664370 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2049463716664370
Schumacher H, Stüwe S, Kropp P, et al. A prospective, randomized evaluation of the feasibility of exergaming on patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2018;53(5):584-90. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-017-0070-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-017-0070-8
Oliveira PF, Iunes DH, Alves RS, et al Effects of exergaming in cancer related fatigue in the quality of life and electromyography of the middle deltoid of people with cancer in treatment: a controlled trial. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;26(19):2591-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.9.2591
Feyzioğlu Ö, Dinçer S, Akan A, et al. Is Xbox 360 Kinect-based virtual reality training as effective as standard physiotherapy in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery? Support Care Cancer. 2020;28(9):4295-303. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-019-05287-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-019-05287-x
Garrett BM, Tao G, Taverner T, et al. Patients perceptions of virtual reality therapy in the management of chronic cancer pain. Heliyon. 2020;6(5):e03916. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03916 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03916
Mock V, Atkinson A, Barsevick AM, et al. Cancer-related fatigue. Clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2003;1(3):1054-078. doi: https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2003.0029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2003.0029
Campos MPO, Hassan BJ, Riechelmann R, et al. Cancer-related fatigue: a review. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2011;57(2):206-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2255-4823(11)70046-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2255-4823(11)70046-7
Zeng Y, Zhang JE, Cheng ASK, et al. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of virtual reality-based interventions in cancer-related symptom management. Integr Cancer Ther. 2019;18:1534735419871108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735419871108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735419871108
van den Beuken-van Everdingen MH, Hochstenbach LMJ, Joosten EAJ, et al. Update on prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2016;51(6):1070-1090.e9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.12.340 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.12.340
Smith HR. Depression in cancer patients: pathogenesis, implications and treatment (Review). Oncol Lett. 2015;9(4):1509-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.2944 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.2944
Mitchell AJ, Chan M, Bhatti H, et al. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder in oncological, haematological, and palliative-care settings: a meta-analysis of 94 interview-based studies. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(2):160-74. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70002-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70002-X
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Os direitos morais e intelectuais dos artigos pertencem aos respectivos autores, que concedem à RBC o direito de publicação.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
