Jengibre (Zingiber officinale) en el Tratamiento de las Náuseas y los Vómitos Inducidos por la Quimioterapia en Pacientes con Cáncer: Revisión Integradora de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2023v69n2.3592Palabras clave:
neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico, jengibre/efectos adversos, plantas medicinales, fitoterapiaResumen
Introducción: Las náuseas y los vómitos inducidos por la quimioterapia (NVIQ) son efectos secundarios importantes de los tratamientos antineoplásicos. Se han estudiado algunas plantas medicinales en el manejo de estos efectos, como el jengibre (Zingiber officinale). Objetivo: Realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre el uso oral del jengibre en el manejo de las NVIQ en pacientes oncológicos. Método: Revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en la base de datos MEDLINE, en septiembre de 2022, adoptando la combinación de las palabras clave “Zingiber officinale” y “Cancer”. También se aplicaron filtros en la selección para incluir ensayos clínicos aleatorizados publicados entre 2012 y 2022. Resultados: En total, se analizaron nueve estudios. El jengibre tiene el potencial de reducir las NVIQ en pacientes con cáncer, lo que se refleja positivamente en la mejora de la calidad de vida, apetito y fatiga. Los estudios no han observado ningún efecto adverso por la administración del jengibre. Conclusión: El uso del jengibre por vía oral demuestra ser una estrategia segura para el manejo de NVIQ en pacientes con cáncer, usando una dosis de 1 g/día de jengibre en polvo, y puede usarse como terapia complementaria junto con los regímenes antieméticos estándar.
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