Sexualidad y Bienestar Psicológico en Supervivientes de Cáncer de Mama: Perspectivas desde el Enfoque Biopsicosocial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n3.5089Palabras clave:
Salud Mental/educación, Sexualidad/educación, Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología, Salud de la Mujer, InvestigaciónCualitativaResumen
Introducción: Las sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama enfrentan desafíos psicológicos, sociales y culturales, que suelen ser relacionados con la ansiedad, la depresión y las cuestiones de sexualidad. Estas experiencias están influenciadas por cambios físicos y emocionales derivados del tratamiento oncológico, además de tabúes socioculturales. Objetivo: Resaltar la importancia del modelo biopsicosocial en el manejo de los impactos psicológicos y sociales en mujeres sobrevivientes del cáncer de mama que han participado del estudio WaterMama, con énfasis en el rol esencial de los grupos de educación en salud en la promoción del bienestar emocional y sexual de estas pacientes, y ofrecer perspectivas prácticas para los profesionales de la salud interesados en un enfoque más integrador y humanizado. Método: Estudio descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo, basado en el modelo biopsicosocial. La investigación se centró en el análisis de las interacciones y el apoyo mutuo de estas mujeres en grupos de educación en salud, con énfasis en las dinámicas psicológicas y sociales vividas por las participantes. Resultados: Las interacciones grupales y el apoyo entre pares fueron clave para reducir los impactos psicológicos y sociales, promoviendo mayor conexión social, resiliencia y calidad de vida. La adopción del modelo biopsicosocial permitió un enfoque integral de las necesidades de estas mujeres, destacando la importancia de la sexualidad como parte integral de la salud mental y el bienestar. Conclusión: Las estrategias integradoras, como los grupos de apoyo y educación en salud, son fundamentales en el cuidado de esta población, con beneficios significativos para su salud física, psicológica y social.
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