O Risco Genético das Terapias do Câncer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2000v46n2.3410Palavras-chave:
Risco Genético, Radioterapia, Braquiterapia, QuimioterapiaResumo
O presente artigo descreve as conseqüências de algumas terapias utilizadas para o câncer sobre o material genético de pacientes com neoplasias. O objetivo é ressaltar a importância da avaliação da relação risco/ benefício dos diferentes tratamentos utilizados para o câncer, e da continuidade de pesquisas para o desenvolvimento de novas formas de terapia e de novas drogas antineoplásicas. Faremos breve exposição sobre o processo de carcinogênese de múltiplas etapas, destacando o conceito geral de que o câncer é uma doença genética. São apresentados os efeitos mutagênicos das radiações ionizantes e de algumas classes de quimioterápicos sobre o material genético. Além dos efeitos deletérios desses agentes para o paciente, são também relatados efeitos nocivos para os indivíduos que manipulam ou que são responsáveis pela condução dos tratamentos. Abordaremos de modo geral, os danos genéticos induzidos por agentes antineoplásicos mutagênicos tanto para o paciente como para os indivíduos que os manipulam, predispondo-os ao desenvolvimento de um segundo tumor ou de um tumor primário, respectivamente.
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