Infecção por HPV e Controle do Câncer no Brasil: O Importante Papel da Vacinação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n1.4928Keywords:
Human Papillomavirus Viruses, Vaccination Coverage, Neoplasms/mortality, Mortality/trendsAbstract
Introduction: HPV vaccination is crucial for cancer control in Brazil. Despite efforts, the country has not yet met the global targets projected for 2030, which could lead to the eradication of cervical cancer after 2050. Objective: To describe HPV vaccination coverage, analyze hospital morbidity, and assess mortality trends of HPV-related cancers in Brazil. Method: Data on HPV vaccination coverage in Brazil, hospital morbidity, and mortality rates of specific HPV-related cancers, namely cervical, vulvar, vaginal, oropharyngeal, anal, and penile cancers, were analyzed. Results: The HPV vaccination coverage for the first dose among girls from 2013-2021 was 76%, and among boys from 2017-2021, it was 52%. The state of Acre has the lowest vaccination coverage. A total of 260,784 patients were analyzed from 2006-2020. Over 80% of patients with oropharyngeal cancer are diagnosed at advanced stages. Anal and anal canal cancer showed an average annual increase in mortality of 7.1% among men and 4.4% among women. Conclusion: HPV vaccination is essential and extends beyond the prevention of cervical cancer. The vaccination coverage in Brazil is still insufficient to meet eradication targets, underscoring the need for integrated and effective actions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of HPV-related cancers.
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