Knowledge and Meaning in the Prevention of Uterine Cancer and Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Female Textile Workers

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify women's knowledge on preventive testing for cervical cancer and early detection of breast cancer and to understand the feelings and meanings ascribed by women submitting to these tests. The research was conducted in two textile factories, applying questionnaires with both open and closed questions in a sample of 81 women. The data were analyzed descriptively and the open questions were submitted to contente analysis. The majority of the women had regular Pap smears and were familiar with its purpose, and also did breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical examinations. The majority had never had a mammogram. The meanings ascribed to the preventive examination and BSE were tranquility, security, health and life, early detection, and selfcare. Depending on the healthcare professional performing the examination, feelings of discomfort, shame, and embarrassment were associated with the Pap smear. To increase adherence, we favor a strategy of ongoing and conscientious orientation concerning the importance of prevention and early detection through dialogue, awarenessraising, and empathy.