Analysis of Adverse Reactions after Radiotherapy Treatment in Adults with Head and Neck Cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Head and neck cancer consists of malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract, located mainly in the oral cavity, larynx, pharynx and paranasal sinuses and increases its incidence with age. Radiotherapy treatment may induce adverse reactions. Objective: To analyze adverse reactions after radiotherapy treatment in adults with head and neck cancer. Method: Descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, whose sample is non-probabilistic formed by adults with head and neck neoplasms undergoing radiotherapy treatment in the state of Sergipe during 2017 and 2018. Results: The main adverse reactions found were: pain, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, poor intake, dry mouth, dehydration, change in voice and pruritus. There were no significant differences between groups with less than 10 and more than 10 radiotherapy sessions according to adverse reactions. Conclusion: It is necessary that health professionals are aware of reactions to minimize and treat complications, in addition to continuous monitoring to reclaim the ideal health conditions, contributing to the patients' quality of life and self-esteem.