Factores Pronósticos y Funcionalidad a Síndrome de Compresión Espinal Metástasico: un Estudio de Cohorte
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n2.2160Palabras clave:
compresión de la médula espinal, neoplasias de la columna vertebral, metástasis de la neoplasia, pronósticosResumen
Introducción: El síndrome de compresión espinal (SCE) tiene un gran potencial de perdida irreversible de la función motora y sensorial, siendo considerado una emergencia oncológica. Objetivo: Evaluar el pronóstico de SCE y la funcionalidad de los pacientes. Método: Estudio de cohorte que incluyo pacientes con cáncer que desarrollaron SCE entre enero de 2017 y diciembre de 2018. Se extrajeron datos clínicos y sociodemográficos de historias clínicas físicas y electrónicas. El análisis de supervivencia se realizó mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: El estudio cubrió a 90 pacientes que tenían SCE. En el diagnóstico de SCE, 55,5% de los pacientes no pueden caminar. En comparación con los pacientes con cáncer de mama, los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón tenían 4,1 veces más riesgo de morir (IC 95%, 1,79-9,41; p=0,001), los pacientes con tumores genitourinarios 1,9 veces mayor de morir (IC 95%, 1,06-3,45; p=0,02) y aquellos pacientes con otro tipo de tumor, 3,1 veces mayor riesgo de morir (IC 95%, 1,58- 6,24; p=0,001). Conclusión: Este estudio encontró que el tipo de tumor primario es un factor predictivo para la supervivencia de le SCE. Mas de la mitad de los pacientes no caminan en el momento del diagnóstico de SCE.
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