Influencia de la Edad en la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud de Mujeres Diagnosticadas con Cáncer de Mama
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2023v69n2.3826Palabras clave:
neoplasias de la mama, calidad de vida, encuestas y cuestionarios, factores de edadResumen
Introducción: Las mujeres con cáncer de mama pueden tener diferencias en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) al momento del diagnóstico según la edad. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la edad en la CVRS de mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama. Método: Estudio transversal con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama. La evaluación de la CVRS se realizó antes de iniciar el tratamiento oncológico mediante el Cuestionario European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) y su módulo específico para el cáncer de mama (BR-23). La asociación entre el grupo de edad y la CVRS se determinó mediante regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: Se incluyeron 961 mujeres con una edad media de 54 años (DE±11,7). Las mujeres ≥50 años tuvieron mejor funcionamiento emocional (+7,6 puntos; p<0,001), y menos fatiga (-4,4 puntos; p=0,014), dolor (-4,7 puntos; p=0,033), náuseas y vómitos (-2,3 puntos; p=0,030) y dificultades financieras (-10,31 puntos; p<0,001) en comparación con las mujeres jóvenes. Con respecto al BR-23, estas mujeres presentaron mejores puntajes de imagen corporal (+3,6 puntos; p=0,029) y perspectiva de futuro (+12,4 puntos; p<0,001) y peor función sexual (-19,9 puntos; p<0,001) y satisfacción sexual (-8,9 puntos; p=0,001), y en la escala de síntomas, menos síntomas mamarios (-11,6 puntos; p<0,001) y brazos (-3,5 puntos; p=0,047). Conclusión: Las pacientes con edad ≥50 anos tuvieron mejor CVRS en todos los dominios de las escalas de función y síntomas del QLQ C-30 y BR-23, excepto función sexual y satisfacción sexual.
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