Retrasos en el Inicio del Tratamiento del Cáncer Cervical y Factores Asociados en una Cohorte Hospitalaria de la Amazonía Occidental Brasileña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n4.5228Palabras clave:
Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino, Tiempo de Tratamiento, Salud de la Mujer, Retraso en el Tratamiento/estadística & datos numéricosResumen
Introducción: El diagnóstico precoz seguido de un tratamiento oportuno del cáncer cervical son fundamentales para un mejor pronóstico y supervivencia. Objetivo: Estimar la magnitud del retraso en el início del tratamiento del cáncer cervical y los factores asociados en mujeres diagnosticadas y tratadas en Rio Branco, Acre, entre 2012 y 2017. Métodos: Estudio transversal de mujeres con cáncer cervical tratadas en Rio Branco, Acre, entre 2012 y 2017. Se categorizó el tiempo entre el diagnóstico y el primer tratamiento según la legislación brasileña. Las variables continuas fueron analizadas con pruebas T-student y Kruskal-Wallis, y las categóricas con X2-Pearson y Fisher. Se calcularon las odds ratios (OR) brutas y ajustadas mediante regresión logística incondicional, con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: El tiempo mediano entre el diagnóstico y el primer tratamiento fue de 39 días, con variaciones entre 81 días para cirugía y 29 días para radioterapia. La prevalencia del retraso fue del 34%. Factores asociados al retraso incluyeron edad >40 años, espera >30 días para consulta con especialista y tratamiento quirúrgico. La radioterapia con/sin braquiterapia y los estadios IIIB-IVA estuvieron inversamente relacionados con el retraso. Conclusión: El retraso en el início del tratamiento del cáncer cervical en Acre fue menor que en otras regiones del país. Edad >40 años, esperar >30 días para consulta con especialista y cirugía como primer tratamiento estuvieron asociados positivamente con el retraso, mientras que el estadio avanzado y los tratamientos de radioterapia estuvieron inversamente asociados.
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