La Fatiga Relacionada con el Cáncer en el Periodo Posoperatorio del Cáncer de Mama: Influencia de las Variables Clínicas y Funcionales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2026v72n4.5828Palabras clave:
Fatiga Muscular, Neoplasias de la Mama, Fuerza MuscularResumen
Introducción: Las personas con cáncer de mama suelen presentar efectos adversos asociados tanto al tratamiento oncológico como a la progresión de la enfermedad, entre los que destaca la fatiga oncológica. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la fatiga en pacientes en el posoperatorio de cáncer de mama atendidos en una consulta de fisioterapia oncológica, así como la influencia de los aspectos clínicos y funcionales. Método: Estudio observacional y transversal sobre la fatiga oncológica y análisis de aspectos funcionales. La fatiga se evaluó mediante la Escala de Fatiga de Piper – Revisada, clasificándose en leve (puntuación <4), moderada (puntuación ≥ 4 y <6) e intensa (puntuación ≥ 6). Los aspectos funcionales incluyeron la evaluación de la fuerza de prensión palmar (FPP), la circunferencia de la pantorrilla (CP) y la prueba Timed Up and Go (TUG). Todas las variables, tanto sociodemográficas como clínicas y funcionales, se organizaron y compararon entre los grupos de individuos con fatiga leve, moderada e intensa. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 84 pacientes, con un predominio de mujeres (98,8 %). La fatiga oncológica fue muy prevalente en todas las dimensiones (conductual, afectiva, sensorial/psicológica). Y la mayoría de los pacientes presentó resultados normales en la evaluación de la FPP (85,2 %) y la CP (95,1 %), además de una ausencia de riesgo de caídas según la puntuación en la evaluación del TUG (85,7 %). Conclusión: La fatiga estuvo presente en todos los pacientes evaluados, con predominio de la fatiga intensa. Sin embargo, no se observaron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la fatiga y las variables clínicas y funcionales analizadas.
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