Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma in a Young Woman: Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n2.1860Keywords:
thyroid neoplasms, thyroid carcinoma, anaplastic/pathology, thyroid cancer, papillary, neoplasmsAbstract
Introduction: The anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare, aggressive tumor, and it affects mainly women over the age of 60 years, being less common in younger people. It is believed that this tumor appears due to the loss of differentiation in well differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Low iodine ingestion has also been suggested. Despite multimodal intervention attempts, prognosis is poor. Case report: A 41 year-old female patient underwent a total thyroidectomy because of to the rapid growth of a thyroid mass, associated with radiological suspicion of malignancy. The macroscopic evaluation showed that the tumor had a lobulated shape, necrotic and hemorrhagic areas, and poorly-defined margins. Microscopic findings confirmed an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, characterized by the proliferation of spindle and osteoclast-like multinucleated cells, associated with a well differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: Despite its rarity, the anaplastic carcinoma should be thought as a possibility when evaluating a thyroid neoplasia, and differential diagnosis must be considered cautiously, since it can be misleading for other tumors, such as lymphomas and sarcomas. In addition, it is important to point out the necessity to admit it even when the patient does not belong to the typical epidemiological group.
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