Variáveis psicológicas influenciando o risco e o prognóstico do câncer: um panorama atual
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.1993v39n2.3019Keywords:
Surgimento do Câncer, Progressão do Câncer, Variáveis Psicológicas, Mediação FisiológicaAbstract
Este artigo teve como objetivo levantar evidências da existência ou não de uma relação entre variáveis psicológicas e surgimento e progressão do câncer, através de uma revisão bibliográfica extensa sobre o assunto. A conclusão foi de que há fortes indícios da existência dessa associação, apesar dos problemas metodológicos inerentes a esse tipo de pesquisa e de um número relativamente pequeno de trabalhos disponíveis sobre o tema. As variáveis psicológicas enfatizadas consistiram de tipo de personalidade e estilos de confrontação com o câncer, por serem consideradas indicadores válidos no prognóstico do câncer e, portanto, por possuírem potencial valor prático. Foram também apresentadas pesquisas investigando os processos fisiológicos mediadores da relação variáveis psicológicas e câncer, salientando a importância dessa área de estudo na comprovação da existência dessa associação. Finalmente, algumas diretrizes foram traçadas, baseadas nas pesquisas discutidas no artigo, para o desenvolvimento mais eficaz de intervenções psicológicas e assessoramento às famílias dos pacientes com câncer e à equipe médica. Foi acentuado que essa eficácia é dirigida a uma ampliação do papel das intervenções psicológicas no sentido de contribuírem para o aumento da sobrevida do paciente.
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