Avaliação Radiográfica da Maxila e da Mandíbula de Pacientes Diagnosticados com Mieloma Múltiplo: Estudo Retrospectivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n2.2186Palavras-chave:
mieloma múltiplo/diagnóstico, mandíbula, maxila, radiografia panorâmica, diagnóstico por imagemResumo
Introdução: O mieloma múltiplo e caracterizado como uma neoplasia maligna plasmocitária com a proliferação anormal de plasmócitos clonais na medula óssea de etiologia desconhecida. Objetivo: Caracterizar os pacientes com mieloma múltiplo atendidos no Setor de Estômato-Odontologia e Prótese do INCA, por meio de dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, laboratoriais e radiográficos. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo de pacientes com diagnostico de mieloma múltiplo, no período de 2000 a 2018, que realizaram radiografia panorâmica no período do diagnóstico da doença. Os dados sociodemográficos e clinico-radiográficos da população em estudo foram coletados nos prontuários dos pacientes, armazenados em banco de dados, analisados de forma descritiva e submetidos ao teste não paramétrico X2 (qui-quadrado). Resultados: Na amostra final, foram totalizados 163 casos. A maioria era de homens (56,4%), brancos (55,8%), com idade ≤55 anos (54%), ensino fundamental incompleto (30,7%), não fumantes (54,6%) e não bebedores (54,6%). Havia lesões líticas em 46 pacientes (28,2%) com predileção pela mandíbula (82,6%; p=0,000). Houve maior frequência de margens parcialmente definidas (50,0%), não escleróticas (78,2%) e de aspecto unilocular (43,5%). Dos 46 pacientes que apresentaram lesão lítica maxilomandibular, 27 pacientes tinham >55 anos (p=0,042). Conclusão: Ha maior ocorrência de lesões ósseas na mandíbula quando comparada a maxila.
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