Monitorização biológica por método citogenético em indivíduos expostos profissionalmente a agentes antineoplásicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.1991v37n1/4.3097Palavras-chave:
Agentes Antineoplásicos, Quimioterapia, Risco Ocupacional, Aberrações Cromossômicas, Trocas Entre Cromátides-IrmãsResumo
Enfermeiras, atendentes e assistentes de enfermagem que preparam e aplicam antineoplásicos em unidades hospitalares apresentaram freqüências aumentadas de anomalias e de trocas entre cromátides-irmãs (TCI) em cromossomos de linfócitos periféricos. Não foi detectada associação entre as freqüências desses fenômenos e os tipos de dispositivos de proteção ou o tempo de exposição aos antineoplásicos, possivelmente devido à multiplicidade de variáveis atuantes, o que dificultou a interpretação do papel de fatores isolados. No entanto, foi detectada uma associação entre o grau de escolaridade e a freqüência de anomalias citogenéticas, que é menor nos profissionais de nível superior que naqueles com formação técnica ou prática. Além disso, a freqüência de anomalias cromossômicas e de TCI foram menores quando as profissionais expostas manuseavam menos freqüentemente os antineoplásicos mais tóxicos. A amostra de aplicadores de antineoplásicos analisada, portanto, pertence a um grupo de risco para a ocorrência de lesões no material genético, indicando a necessidade de que sejam sempre observadas as normas de segurança previstas para o manuseio desses compostos e sugerindo a conveniência da monitorização biológica periódica nos indivíduos a eles profissionalmente expostos.
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