Características Sociodemográficas e Clínico-Funcionais de Mulheres Atendidas em um Ambulatório de Fisioterapia em Oncologia Ginecológica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2026v72n2.5516Palavras-chave:
Braquiterapia, Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos, Fibrose, Modalidades de FisioterapiaResumo
Introdução: Os cânceres ginecológicos representam 15% dos casos de câncer entre mulheres no mundo, impactando a qualidade de vida e a saúde reprodutiva. Embora avanços tecnológicos contribuam para o aumento da sobrevida, as pacientes enfrentam comorbidades e disfunções pélvicas decorrentes do tratamento, o que ressalta a importância da identificação e manejo adequados das complicações. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico-funcional de mulheres submetidas à braquiterapia em ambulatório de fisioterapia oncológica de um hospital de referência, e analisar associações entre tipos de tratamento, fatores clínicos e repercussões funcionais. Método: Estudo retrospectivo com mulheres acompanhadas em ambulatório fisioterapêutico pós-braquiterapia, em hospital especializado de Porto Alegre. As participantes foram caracterizadas conforme dados clínicos do tratamento e avaliações físico-funcionais registradas em prontuário. Resultados: Foram incluídas 106 mulheres com câncer ginecológico submetidas à braquiterapia. O câncer de útero foi o mais prevalente (85,8%), e a maioria recebeu quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia externa. Em relação à sexualidade, 37,7% estavam sexualmente ativas, enquanto 52,2% já não mantinham atividade antes da braquiterapia. Disfunções urinárias foram frequentes: 29% de incontinência de esforço, 41% de urgência, 23,6% mista e 21,7% sensação de esvaziamento incompleto. Queixas dolorosas incluíram dor pélvica em repouso (21,7%), ao urinar (13,2%) e à palpação (31,4%), além de ardência ao urinar (31,1%). Conclusão: Observou-se alta prevalência de disfunções urinárias, sexuais e dolorosas pós-tratamento do câncer. Esses achados reforçam o caráter multifatorial das disfunções pélvicas em mulheres com câncer ginecológico, evidenciando a necessidade de avaliação fisioterapêutica abrangente que considere tanto repercussões do tratamento oncológico quanto antecedentes ginecológicos e obstétricos dessas pacientes.
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