Evaluación de la Funcionalidad de Miembros superiores, Calidad de Vida y Fatiga Posoperatoria en Mujeres con Cáncer de Mama en un Hospital de Referencia en la Amazonía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n4.5271Palabras clave:
Extremidad Superior, Fuerza Muscular, Calidad de Vida, Fatiga, Neoplasias de la MamaResumen
Introducción: El cáncer de mama tiene un impacto significativo en la funcionalidad de los miembros superiores (MMSS) debido al tratamiento y sus complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar la funcionalidad de los MMSS, la calidad de vida y la fatiga de las mujeres con cáncer de mama en la región amazónica. Método: Estudio transversal realizado con 42 participantes. Los datos se recogieron de los cuestionarios de anamnesis y calidad de vida Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) y Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast plus Arm Morbidity (FACT-B+4), fatiga con Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue (FACT-F) y funcionalidad con Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) y fuerza muscular con dinamómetro isocinético. Se utilizaron la correlación de Spearman y la prueba de Wilcoxon. Resultados: El 71,4% de las participantes fue sometido a cirugía conservadora. QuickDASH se correlacionó con FACT-B+4 (r = -0,796), FACT-G (r = -0,781) y FACT-F (r = -0,815). El FACT-F se correlacionó con el FACT-G (r = 0,949) y el FACT-B+4 (r = 0,903). Se observó una diferencia significativa en la fuerza muscular isocinética entre el lado operado y el no operado. La fuerza isocinética se correlacionó con el dolor y el tiempo posquirúrgico, pero no con la estadificación clínica ni con el QuickDASH. Conclusión: La funcionalidad de los MMSS se asocia con la fatiga y la calidad de vida, pero no con la fuerza isocinética. Hubo diferencias significativas entre el lado operado y el no operado. El tipo de cirugía, el dolor y el tiempo posquirúrgico influyeron en la fuerza isocinética de las mujeres con cáncer de mama.
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