Treatment Patterns of Invasive Neoplasms in the Brazilian Unified Health System from 2000 to 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2025v71n4.5109Keywords:
Neoplasms/diagnosis, Epidemiology, Unified Health System, Antineoplastic ProtocolsAbstract
Introduction: Different treatment modalities can be used to manage cancer. Objective: To analyze the treatment patterns of patients diagnosed with the six most common types of invasive cancer in Brazil and treated in the Brazilian Unified Health System. Method: This is a cross-sectional analysis using data extracted from the Integrated Module of Hospital Cancer Registries, including patients diagnosed with female breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, stomach, and cervical cancer from 2000 to 2019. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and effect size. Results: Data from 1,204,222 patients were included. Surgery was the most frequent treatment in cases diagnosed at an early stage, particularly for prostate (87.5%) and colorectal cancer (56.1%). For advanced-stage cancers, chemotherapy predominated, especially for lung (88.2%) and breast cancer (48.3%). Clinical staging at diagnosis was the primary determinant of therapeutic decision-making, particularly regarding surgery and chemotherapy. Variables such as age, education level, skin color, geographic region, and the accreditation level of oncology services significantly influenced treatment patterns. Conclusion: The advanced stage of cancer at diagnosis was the primary factor determining the type of treatment received. Sociodemographic inequalities also influenced access to different therapeutic options.
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