Evidências para o Uso da Fotobiomodulação para Disfunção Sexual em Mulheres com Câncer de Mama em Uso de Hormonioterapia: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2026v72n1.5333Palavras-chave:
Neoplasias da Mama/complicações, Antineoplásicos Hormonais/efeitos adversos, Vaginite Atrófica/induzido quimicamente, Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/induzido quimicamente, Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodosResumo
Introdução: A hormonioterapia é um dos pilares do tratamento adjuvante em mulheres com câncer de mama com receptores hormonais positivos. Apesar de sua eficácia oncológica, está associada a efeitos colaterais significativos, especialmente disfunções sexuais decorrentes do hipoestrogenismo prolongado. A fotobiomodulação (FBM) tem sido proposta como alternativa não hormonal e não farmacológica para o tratamento de disfunções pélvicas femininas, mas sua aplicação nesse público ainda é incipiente. Objetivo: Avaliar as evidências sobre o uso da FBM em disfunções pélvicas femininas, com vistas à sua aplicabilidade em mulheres com câncer de mama em hormonioterapia. Método: Foi realizada uma busca em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA. Foram incluídos estudos com intervenção em disfunções pélvicas utilizando FBM, independentemente do tipo de estudo, idioma ou ano de publicação. Foram selecionados 38 estudos, sendo 25 incluídos. Resultados: Os estudos demonstraram efeitos positivos da FBM sobre dor, lubrificação vaginal, função sexual, estenose vaginal e qualidade de vida. A diversidade de protocolos e a escassez de ensaios clínicos controlados limitam a generalização dos resultados. Conclusão: Embora as evidências atuais sobre o uso da FBM para disfunção sexual em mulheres com câncer de mama em hormonoterapia ainda sejam limitadas e não permitam uma recomendação clínica robusta, esta revisão reúne informações relevantes que ampliam o conhecimento disponível sobre o tema, uma vez que identifica lacunas e aponta potenciais mecanismos fisiológicos e desfechos clínicos para o uso da FBM na saúde sexual feminina oncológica.
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